Lake Ontario – Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
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Archive for the ‘Hatchery Transfers’ Category
Lookingglass Broodstock (1980-1992)
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Wallowa County/Nez Perce Salmon Plan – 1992, Wallowa County Salmon Recovery Strategy, Appendix D – Fishery, Page D-5
“Several different stocks have been imported into the subbasin during various attempts to rebuild the runs. Table 13 shows the ODFW outplanting schedule from 1980-1992.
Spring chinook smolts from the Rapid River Hatchery were released into Lookingglass Creek in 1980 to develop a broodstock for the Lookingglass Hatchery. The Rapid River stock is a Snake River stock which was developed from fish trapped at Oxbow Dam (probably stock from Eagle Creek). Disease problems caused a shift to Carson stock
which were first introduced into Lookingglass and Catherine Creeks in 1982. Catherine Creek was stocked in 1982 and 1983 with 100,000 fingerlings each year in an attempt
to redevelop a CTUIR fishery (CTUIR 1984). Survival of Carson stock releases have been poor, however (percent smolt to adult survivals around 0.2), and Rapid River stocks are again being utilized. Carson stock were replaced in the hatchery program by 1989. Carson stock originated from a broodstock trapping program in the Bonneville Dam fish ladders and consisted of upriver bright fish.”
Click on images below to see an expanded view of the table.
Hatchery Transfer of Diseased Fish
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The Pacific Northwest hatcheries transfer salmonid eggs, fryes, and fingerlings between different states, river subbasins, and lakes. The most prevalent transfers are Rainbow Trout, Chinook Salmon and Steelhead. The image link at the bottom of this article provides a graphical image of some of the major salmonid transfer points and various broodstocks being used. It also documents the transfer of diseased fish (C. shasta) between hatcheries (i.e., Rapid River to Lookingglass, Mt. Shasta to Klamath, Oak Springs to Irrigon, Mt. Shasta to Hagerman, etc.).
Please notice how fish are transfered between different river basins/subbasins and how they arrive from outside the Pacific Northwest. If the proper handling operations are not followed, it is very easy to transfer diseased fish and contaminate the various river basins. One should note that all the hatcheries depicted in the Hatchery Transfers document have C. shasta disease!
Also, there have been documented transfers of C. shasta-diseased fish to other states and countries. The waterways were disease free from C. shasta until the fish/eggs were transferred into their areas. Documented C.shasta cases include the Great Lakes, Hawaii, New Zealand, Japan, Korea, Africa, and Minnesota (i.e., exhange of salmon for walleye).
Several wilderness areas and their pristine lakes (e.g., Hells Canyon Wilderness, Frank Church Wilderness, Wenaha-Tucannon Wilderness, Eagle Cap Wilderness, and North Fork Umatilla Wilderness) have been contaminated with C. shasta disease. These was accomplished by stocking high lakes with hatchery-reared fish that were diseased. Other wilderness areas have also been exposed to disease. National parks should also be investigated for C. shasta contamination.
The following photo depicts the transfer of diseased eggs and fish within the Pacific Northwest by the various Fish and Wildlife Agencies (Federal, State, Indians). Please be patient as it is a large file to download!
Please click on thumbnail image (large image so please be patient while it is loading). To Exit, press the ESC key on the keyboard -> 